Dr. Nazrin Parvin
Golf is often described as a gentleman’s game—calm, measured, and graceful. Yet, from a medical perspective, it is a sport that places repetitive biomechanical stress on the body while simultaneously demanding high levels of mental focus and endurance.
In my clinical experience as a physician, I have observed a growing number of golfers—both amateur and professional—presenting with injuries that are often preventable. These issues are rarely the result of a single incident; rather, they develop gradually over time due to improper technique, lack of conditioning, and inadequate recovery.
The Biomechanics of the Golf Swing
A golf swing is a complex, coordinated movement involving:
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Rotational force through the spine
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Controlled motion of the shoulders and hips
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Stabilization by the core muscles
This repetitive action, when performed hundreds of times, places cumulative stress on joints and soft tissues.
Common Medical Issues Among Golfers
1. Lower Back Pain
The most prevalent condition among golfers is lumbar spine strain.
The rotational nature of the swing creates:
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Compression on spinal discs
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Strain on lower back muscles
In many cases, I have seen patients ignore early discomfort until it progresses into chronic pain.
2. Golfer’s Elbow (Medial Epicondylitis)
This condition arises from:
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Repetitive gripping
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Impact stress during ball contact
Symptoms include:
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Pain on the inner side of the elbow
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Weakness in grip strength
It is particularly common among amateur golfers with inconsistent swing mechanics.
3. Shoulder Injuries
The shoulder joint, being highly mobile, is vulnerable to:
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Rotator cuff strain
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Tendinitis
Limited flexibility or overexertion significantly increases the risk.
4. Knee Stress and Joint Degeneration
The knee absorbs rotational forces during weight transfer. Over time, especially in older golfers, this may lead to:
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Joint pain
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Early degenerative changes
5. Wrist and Hand Injuries
Impact with hard ground or repeated practice sessions may result in:
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Ligament strain
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Joint inflammation
The Often-Overlooked Mental Health Factor
Golf is unique in that it demands continuous mental discipline.
Players frequently experience:
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Performance anxiety
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Frustration
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Mental fatigue over long rounds
From a medical standpoint, prolonged mental stress can:
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Affect concentration
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Reduce physical performance
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Increase injury risk due to poor decision-making
Environmental Challenges in Bangladesh
Golfers in Bangladesh face additional physiological stress due to:
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High humidity
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Elevated temperatures
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Extended exposure to sunlight
This can result in:
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Dehydration
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Electrolyte imbalance
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Heat exhaustion
Even mild dehydration can significantly impair coordination and focus.
Lifestyle-Related Health Concerns
Among amateur golfers, particularly those engaged in corporate professions, I often observe:
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Sedentary lifestyle patterns
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Increased body weight
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Hypertension and diabetes
While golf provides moderate physical activity, it should not be considered a substitute for structured fitness training.
Modern Approach: Preventive Sports Medicine
The global trend in golf is shifting toward prevention.
Leading golfers now follow structured programs that include:
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Strength and conditioning
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Flexibility training
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Physiotherapy support
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Mental coaching
This integrated approach not only improves performance but also reduces injury incidence significantly.
Recommendations for Golfers
Before Playing:
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Perform dynamic warm-up exercises
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Stretch major muscle groups
During Play:
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Maintain hydration
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Use proper technique
After Play:
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Engage in recovery exercises
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Allow adequate rest
Long-Term Care:
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Incorporate regular fitness training
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Seek professional coaching
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Consult a physician for persistent pain
A Message to the Golfing Community
Golf is a lifelong sport. However, longevity in the game depends on how well one maintains physical and mental health.
Early awareness, proper training, and timely medical intervention can prevent minor issues from becoming major conditions.
Conclusion: Playing Smart, Playing Long
From a medical perspective, the goal is not only to play well—but to play safely and sustainably.
Golfers must understand that:
The body is their most important equipment.
Caring for it ensures not just better performance, but also the ability to enjoy the game for many years.
Because ultimately, the true beauty of golf lies not in a single perfect shot, but in a lifetime of playing the game in good health.
Dr. Nazrin Parvin
National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital
Mohakhali, Dhaka
